Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
The Rise, Fall, and Rise of Faith-Based Poverty Work
The Rise, Fall, and Rise of Faith-Based Poverty Work
Jan 14, 2026 10:48 AM

As this eight-part series on the passionate conservative” es to a close, there is hope, despite the failures of centralized programs of the past. In cities and towns across America, people of faith, privately and quietly, are still making a difference in individual lives.

Read More…

Rep. Tom Tancredo (R-Colo.) summarized what happened to George W. Bush’s 2001 anti-poverty “faith-based” initiative this way: It started out “with a certain merit, and you hope to God, literally, that you’re doing the right thing. … It’s amended, you know you had some part in passing it, and you now wish to God you hadn’t. … Soon you’re running out the door of the Capitol asking, ‘What have I done?’”

A literal running out of the White House signaled the end passionate conservatism as a Bush priority. On September 11, 2001, departing faith-based-office head John DiIulio and his mand, David Kuo, were having their last White House breakfast together. Kuo in Tempting Faith describes the scene: “We heard voices from the stairwell yelling, ‘Get out! Everyone get out.’ [The two of us] were like Laurel and Hardy. John is short and very large. I am very tall and relatively skinny. John and I looked at each other and ran. … John was still toting the garment bag he had carried to breakfast.”

The White House was not hit, but on 9/11 George W. Bush moved from being a domestic-policy-oriented president to a war president. War passion don’t go well together. War is hell. War is also expensive. Bush, viewing the war on terror as his presidency’s defining issue, maintained Democratic support for it by accepting budget-busting increases in conventional domestic spending. Kuo stayed on into 2003 and received clear orders from a senior leader regarding legislation to advance poverty-fighting: “Forget about the f—ing CARE Act.”

Conservatives who passionate conservatism with big government now had all the evidence they needed to call the doctrine a left-wing Trojan horse. The Cato Institute’s David Boaz in 2003 said the Bush administration’s approach “betrays true conservatism.” That was true about the centralizing emphasis that remained. Bureaucratic organizations adept at pushing paper and lobbying officials continued to rule. The idea of helping little guys remained, but the big way to help them (purportedly) was to provide instruction on how to apply for grants. That passionate conservatism on its head: instead of fighting bureaucracy, it built more bureaucracy.

Not all was lost. The Bush administration did promulgate executive orders that temporarily removed some discrimination against religious groups. The only clear success was international, through PEPFAR—the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. PEPFAR helped to fund grassroots groups, often religious in nature, that in many nations were major providers of medical services. Counting HIV-free births, PEPFAR probably saved 25 million lives.

President Bush continued to use the phrase passionate conservatism,” but Bush speechwriter David Frum in 2003 described it as “less like a philosophy than a marketing slogan.” Several scholarly books pointed out the difference between words and deeds. The best, Of Little Faith: The Politics of George W. Bush’s Faith-Based Initiatives (2004), offered the perspective of Christian college professors Amy E. Black, Douglas L. Koopman, and David K. Ryden. They pointed out that tax reduction and educational testing expansion (which proved of questionable benefit) were more important to the White House than direct poverty-fighting.

The Bush administration domestically said no to poverty-fighting tax credits and also minimized use of a semi-decentralizing mechanism—vouchers. As Stanley Carlson-Thies reviewed the eight Bush years in a 2009 issue of the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, vouchers could have led to diverse rather than standardized services, but most federal funding remained direct: “officials select one or a small number of providers, and any religious activities have to be kept separate.” For example, mentoring programs for prisoners “count on volunteers to pass on life wisdom and encouraging words,” but an hour of wisdom and encouragement could not include any mention of God.

My own sense is that the passionate conservatism rollout from 1995 to 2001 came too soon: yes, it gained a toehold, but the toe was gnarled and the nail ingrown. In a thoughtful scholarly article, “The Tragedy of Compassionate Conservatism” (Journal of American Studies, 2010), British professor Bruce Pilbeam said the phrase passionate conservatism” was mostly dead “thanks to its association with an administration that lost popularity in its second term even among conservatives.” He concluded, though, that the concept at local levels will have an “enduring legacy.” I agree.

I’ll close out this Religion & Liberty Online series with three notes from the year 2006, by which time both the Bush war on poverty and the initiative that replaced it, the war in Iraq, were bogged down.

One is about the Acton Institute, which in 2006 received applications for 10 awards from 247 neighborhood organizations that offered help to needy individuals. Most of these groups accepted no government money and did not spend their time and scant funds applying for government grants or attending workshops on how to apply for grants. They were hands-on, and they used the hands of many volunteers.

As World magazine editor-in-chief, I sent reporters to visit the 15 finalists. Their reports reminded me of what President John F. Kennedy said in 1963, in the then-divided city of Berlin, when he described the armchair pessimists of his time: “There are some who say munism is the wave of the future. Let e to Berlin.” passionate conservatism as a Washington-centered initiative was dead, but in some local areas, ideals were still toppling idols. Let the e to those programs.

My second item from 2006 is the viewpoint of Bill Schambra, who at that time directed programs at Milwaukee’s Bradley Foundation and paid attention to grassroots efforts. He told listeners at American University, “If we only know how to look, if we only have eyes to see, within America’s e neighborhoods there are still—in spite of the contempt and neglect of the social service experts—neighborhood leaders who are working every day to solve the problems of their munities.”

Schambra said their groups

are largely unheralded and massively underfunded, certainly by government but even by the private charitable sector. After all, they usually occupy abandoned storefronts in the most forbidding neighborhoods. They have stains on their ceiling tiles and duct tape on their industrial carpeting. They have no credentialed staff, and certainly no professional fund-raisers or slick promotional brochures. Furthermore, more often than not they are moved by a deep pelling religious faith. They are convinced that human problems can’t be solved by social and psychological rehabilitation alone, but call instead for fundamental, spiritual transformation.

Schambra witnessed the work of

inner city volunteers who were themselves once trapped in the problems they are now helping others to e, in gratitude for God’s mercy, and in answer to God’s call. For them, crucifixion and resurrection are not just inspiring religious metaphors. They are lived, daily experiences—all-too-accurate descriptions of the depths of brokenness and despair they have faced, followed by the faint, hopeful glimmer of redemption.

I agree with Pilbeam and Schambra. I recently checked old notes and memories and realized I’ve visited organizations created to help those who are poor, homeless, uneducated, or abandoned in 153 cities and towns. Regardless of what people do or do not do in Washington, there’s a whole lot of helping going on.

The third voice from 2006 is David Kuo’s in his book, Tempting Faith. He was only 38 that year but was bravely blowing the whistle on the Bush administration’s lack of success: Kuo faced a cancer diagnosis, didn’t have a political future, and wanted to warn others not to make an idol of politics. Here’s how he concluded some instant messaging we did as his book came out:

D: $200 million has gone to the RNC [Republican National Committee] alone this year—almost all of it from small dollar donors, good men and women (probably Christian) who are wanting to do just the right thing

D: but what is it buying us? and are the Christians out there among the candidates really any different than the non-Christians in how they behave?

D: what if we made our enemies our friends by loving them so much that they had to wonder about this guy named Jesus

D: and we could say to them that the Good News of Jesus is that he rose from the dead and that those who follow him can one day do the same and that he can give life and give it in full here on earth?

D: how crazy

D: how nutty

D: how very cool a thing to try

D: I am a poor, poor, poor pilgrim—I stink at following Jesus—but marvin, it is my heart’s desire and everything I’ve written and said and hope for is about advancing jesus and I think my story is instructive because it is honest and people can learn off of my dime and because maybe my discoveries—painful discoveries—can be helpful.

David lived longer than doctors had predicted. He made it to April 5, 2013. That’s when he died of brain cancer, 10 years ago, five days after Easter.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Karl Marx’s greatest lesson
Karl Marx famously concluded in his 1845 Theses On Feuerbach with his eleventh thesis: “Philosophers have hitherto only interpreted the world in various ways; the point is to change it.” How this change from analysis to activism can be justified in light of Marx’s own materialist conception of history is an enduring puzzle. Lester DeKoster, in his always insightful Communism & Christian Faith, states it is, “a problem more easily ignored than explained.” Marx’s tomb itself has literally etched this...
The political theology of global secularism, part 2: secularization and the re-emergence of myth
This is part two of our series, “The Political Theology of Global Secularism.” You may read part one here. Check back frequently for ing installments. – Ed. David Foster Wallace wrote of our secular age: [I]n the day-to-day trenches of adult life, there is actually no such thing as atheism. There is no such thing as not worshipping. Everybody worships. The only choice we get is what to worship. In the first part of this series, I distinguished different facets...
Acton Line podcast: COVID-19 pandemic economics with Dr. David Hebert
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has brought with it enormous costs. These include, first and foremost, an enormous cost in the terms of human life, with more than 178,000 deaths from the coronavirus in the United States alone, and at least 814,000 deaths worldwide, as of late August 2020. But also, with the pandemic e significant economic costs, fiscal costs, and personal costs to our happiness and quality of life. Why is living under quarantine so...
Work like Daniel: economic witness in a post-Christian age
America is seeing a steady rise in secularization, pronounced by accelerating declines in religious identification, church attendance, and biblical literacy. As the norms of “cultural Christianity” continue to fade, the call to “be in but not of the world” is stirring new questions about how we live, create, and collaborate in modern society. In response, Christians are pressed by a familiar set of temptations toward fortification, domination, and modation – prodding us to either “hunker down,” “fight back,” or “give...
Donald Trump’s bad prescription for drug prices
The final night of the 2020 Republican National Convention included powerful lines promoting the Trump administration’s drug price policies. President Donald Trump claimed that his recent executive orders on drug prices “will massively lower the cost of your prescription drugs.” His daughter Ivanka likewise said that her father “took dramatic action to cut the cost of prescription drugs.” In 2015, U.S. Americans spent more than twice the OECD average on prescription drugs. Trump signed a price control-based executive order in...
The top 5 insights of RNC 2020, day 1
The 42nd Republican National Convention, the first virtual convention in GOP menced on Monday in Charlotte, North Carolina. Its lineup of speakers highlighted the fact that the American dream is an enduring reality for minorities and immigrants, the harms that teachers unions inflict on students (and some teachers), and the patibility of socialism with Christian teaching. 1. Christianity and socialism are patible. Maximo Alvarez, the Cuban emigré who became a successful American businessman, recounted the way socialism came to dominate...
Explainer: What does Kamala Harris believe?
Senator and presumptive Democratic vice presidential nominee Kamala Harris will address the Democratic National Convention on Wednesday night. As the convention plans to nominate the oldest presidential candidate in U.S. history, Harris’ views and record hold greater significance than any running mate since Harry Truman in 1944. What does the junior senator from California believe on key issues? Here are the facts you need to know. Background: Kamala Devi Harris was born on October 20, 1964, in Oakland, California. Her...
DNC makes the case for deregulation and lower taxes
The 2020 Democratic National Convention’s only viral moment to date plished something rare in any political season: It taught sound economic policy. The image of a masked Rhode Island delegate holding a platter of calamari during Tuesday night’s state roll call overshadowed the fact that he promoted the state’s official appetizer while praising deregulation. Further research shows the importance of reducing trade barriers and that high taxes destroy wealth. “Our restaurant and fishing trade have been decimated by this pandemic,”...
Kellyanne Conway and America’s politically fractured families
Kellyanne Conway likely gave her last public speech in her role as White House adviser on Wednesday night at the Republican National Convention. The Conway clan’s political divisions mirror the growing bitterness that has e ingrained in families nationwide as America es more politicized, more secular, and less tolerant of philosophical diversity. The Conway family’s carnage has played out painfully on social media. Kellyanne Conway distinguished herself as a pollster before guiding Donald Trump’s successful presidential campaign. She has served...
C.S. Lewis and Nicolás Maduro on Venezuela’s plunging birthrate
The birth of a child is life’s greatest joy – unless a dictator is asking you to have children to increase his personal power base, and he has destroyed the economy so badly that you can’t feed yourself. That is the situation in Venezuela. “Every woman should have six children for the good of the country,” said Bolivarian socialist Nicolás Maduro in March. He urged the nation’s women to “give birth, give birth” in order to “grow the country.” In...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2026 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved