Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
The human person, economy, and state
The human person, economy, and state
Feb 1, 2026 9:01 AM

In this week’s Acton Commentary I explore Presidential candidate Sen. Kamala Harris’s proposal to federalize day care to align school and work schedules as, “an economic growth and child development strategy”:

Economists, politicians, and even everyday people often talk of “the economy” as if it were a separate and distinct thing from the values, choices, and actions of everyday people. This is a profound mistake. “The economy” is simply a shorthand way of expressing the sum total of all of these things. The manner in whichthis aggregation is made is misleadingreflecting only theflow of monetary exchanges tracked and measured by statisticians. They tell us something but not the whole story.

They fail to tell the story of child care provided by the parents of children themselves, extended family, friends, munity organizations, and religious groups. Family, religion, and civil society are entirely absent from Voght’s analysis. It is an example of what anthropologist James C. Scott callsSeeing Like a State, imposing, “ … schematic visions that do violence plex interdependencies that are not—and cannot—be fully understood.”

This centralizing and bureaucratizing solution, justified by supposed market inefficiencies, passes over the agency of human persons and the way in which they coordinate with each other to meet their needs. The state, seeing only aggregates, devalues and dismisses the formal and informal institutions persons act within (family, friends, neighbors, churches, etc.) to realize their values through their choices and actions. Sen. Harris’s plan is but one example of this tendency to reduce life’s challenges and opportunities, in this case of raising and caring for children, to problems to be solved by technocratic means.

This denial of individual agency and the obligations of solidarity runs contrary to the conception of the human person and the state in Christian social thought as described by Lord Acton in his essay “The Roman Question”:

There is a wide divergence, an irreconcilable disagreement, between the political notions of the modern world and that which is essentially the system of the Catholic Church. It manifests itself particularly in their contradictory views of liberty, and of the functions of the civil power. The Catholic notion, defining liberty not as the power of doing what we like, but the right of being able to do what we ought, denies that general interests can supersede individual rights. It condemns, therefore, the theory of the ancient as well as of the modern state.

This tendency to crowd out the rights and responsibilities of persons and civil society in the name of the technocratic planning is what Adam Smith once called the logic of the ‘man of system’ who is:

… apt to be very wise in his own conceit; and is often so enamoured with the supposed beauty of his own ideal plan of government, that he cannot suffer the smallest deviation from any part of it. He goes on to establish pletely and in all its parts, without any regard either to the great interests, or to the strong prejudices which may oppose it. He seems to imagine that he can arrange the different members of a great society with as much ease as the hand arranges the different pieces upon a chess-board. He does not consider that the pieces upon the chess-board have no other principle of motion besides that which the hand impresses upon them; but that, in the great chess-board of human society, every single piece has a principle of motion of its own, altogether different from that which the legislature might chuse to impress upon it.

The more the “principle of motion” within the human person, endowed with the image and likeness of God, is recognized the more conscience itself es central to our conception of social justice. Without it the notion of the human person and society itself, beyond both the state and even certain conceptions of the market, is impossible.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Understanding Trump: The Deal-Maker as Artist
[Note: This is the first in an occasional series evaluating the remaining presidential candidates and their views on economics and liberty.] In the history of American politics, there has never been a candidate quite like Donald Trump. He is an Ivy League-educated New York billionaire appealing to populists across the country. He is a crony capitalist who loves bureaucracy and yet has convinced voters that he is the anti-Establishment candidate. He is profoundly ignorant about economics and openly hostile to...
Audio: Joseph Sunde on Generosity and God’s Gift of Work
PowerBlog regularJoseph Sundejoined guest host Bill Arnold on Faith Radio’s Dr. Bill Maier Live to discuss the importance of generosity in society, as well asGod’s blessing of work – and how it is a blessing even in those times where it doesn’t feel like a blessing. You can listen to the full interview via the audio player below. ...
Seeing the Creator Through Coffee
“Good work…does not disassociate life and work, or pleasure and work, or love and work.” These words, written by Wendell Berry, pulse throughout the work of Laremy De Vries, owner and chef of The Fruited Plain Café, a sandwich and coffee shop in Sioux Center, Iowa. For De Vries, our work unites general revelation with special revelation, yielding an opportunity for “valuing the created world not only insofar as it belongs to God in a sphere sovereignty sense, but also...
How Diversity Can Save Conservatism (and the Nation)
The fabric of American society is tearingat the seams. Whether witnessed through the disruptive insurgenciesof Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders or the more mundane fissures of pop culture and daily consumerism, Americans are increasingly divided and diverse. Yet even in our rashattemptstodismantle Establishment X and Power Center Y, we do so with a peculiar nostalgia of the golden days of yore. You know, thosedays wheninstitutions mattered? This is particularly evident in the appeal of Mr. Trump, whose calls to burn...
Fair Trade, Microfinance, Orphans, and Social Entrepreneurship
Poverty, Inc. co-producer Mark R. Weber shares mitment to fort as a necessary function of growth at the Jubilee Professional conference in Pittsburgh, 2016. Poverty, Inc. is a critically acclaimed documentary that has earned over 50 international film festival honors and the $100,000 Templeton Freedom Award. It has been endorsed across the political spectrum, from Michael Moore to Russ Roberts, playing in over 100 universities including Harvard, MIT, NYU, Cornell, Stanford, Yale, and Northwestern. Learn more at povertyinc.org and /povertyinc....
How to Determine if Nation is Rich or Poor
We know that some countries around the world are rich (e.g., the United State) and others are, relatively speaking, poor (such as Mexico). But not all poor countries are equally poor. Mexico, for instance, is pared to some African countries. Knowing how to measure such differences can help us better grasp the relative well-being of people around the globe. In this video byMarginal Revolution University, economist Alex Tabarrok provides a simple tool paring relative wealth between nations. ...
In Defense of Wall Street
If we forget finance’s indispensable role in modern economies, says Samuel Gregg, research director for the Acton Institute, in an op-ed for The Detroit News, it’s guaranteed that everyone will be worse off. Finance establishes links between the economic present and economic future of individuals munities. It helps us manage risk and develops methods for continually enhancing the management of risk over the short, medium and long term. And it creates economic value by enabling money to assume the characteristics...
6 Quotes: Friedrich Hayek on economics and freedom
Yesterday was the 116th birthday of the late Austrian and British economist Friedrich Hayek. Throughout his life the Nobel-winning philosopher defended civil liberties and political freedom and warned against the Keynesian welfare state and of totalitarian socialism. In honor of his birthday, here are six key quotes from his writings: On Faith in Freedom: Freedom necessarily means that many things will be done which we do not like. Our faith in freedom does not rest on the foreseeable results in...
Feds: It’s Illegal for Your Boss to Require You To Be Positive All the Time
Does your boss require you to be pleasant and cheerful? Do they expect you to maintain a positive workplace environment? Are you being asked to conduct yourself in a manner that is conducive to effective working relationships? If so, pany may be violating your rights. In their employee handbook its employee on “Workplace Conduct”, the wireless carrier T-Mobile included the clause: Employees are expected to maintain a positive work environment municating in a manner that is conducive to effective working...
Unemployment as Economic-Spiritual Indicator — April 2016 Report
Series Note: Jobs are one of the most important aspects of a morally functioning economy. They help us serve the needs of our neighbors and lead to human flourishing both for the individual and munities. Conversely, not having a job can adversely affect spiritual and psychological well-being of individuals and families. Because unemployment is a spiritual problem, Christians in America need to understand and be aware of the monthly data on employment. Each month highlight the latest numbers we need...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2026 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved