Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
The human person, economy, and state
The human person, economy, and state
Nov 26, 2025 5:22 PM

In this week’s Acton Commentary I explore Presidential candidate Sen. Kamala Harris’s proposal to federalize day care to align school and work schedules as, “an economic growth and child development strategy”:

Economists, politicians, and even everyday people often talk of “the economy” as if it were a separate and distinct thing from the values, choices, and actions of everyday people. This is a profound mistake. “The economy” is simply a shorthand way of expressing the sum total of all of these things. The manner in whichthis aggregation is made is misleadingreflecting only theflow of monetary exchanges tracked and measured by statisticians. They tell us something but not the whole story.

They fail to tell the story of child care provided by the parents of children themselves, extended family, friends, munity organizations, and religious groups. Family, religion, and civil society are entirely absent from Voght’s analysis. It is an example of what anthropologist James C. Scott callsSeeing Like a State, imposing, “ … schematic visions that do violence plex interdependencies that are not—and cannot—be fully understood.”

This centralizing and bureaucratizing solution, justified by supposed market inefficiencies, passes over the agency of human persons and the way in which they coordinate with each other to meet their needs. The state, seeing only aggregates, devalues and dismisses the formal and informal institutions persons act within (family, friends, neighbors, churches, etc.) to realize their values through their choices and actions. Sen. Harris’s plan is but one example of this tendency to reduce life’s challenges and opportunities, in this case of raising and caring for children, to problems to be solved by technocratic means.

This denial of individual agency and the obligations of solidarity runs contrary to the conception of the human person and the state in Christian social thought as described by Lord Acton in his essay “The Roman Question”:

There is a wide divergence, an irreconcilable disagreement, between the political notions of the modern world and that which is essentially the system of the Catholic Church. It manifests itself particularly in their contradictory views of liberty, and of the functions of the civil power. The Catholic notion, defining liberty not as the power of doing what we like, but the right of being able to do what we ought, denies that general interests can supersede individual rights. It condemns, therefore, the theory of the ancient as well as of the modern state.

This tendency to crowd out the rights and responsibilities of persons and civil society in the name of the technocratic planning is what Adam Smith once called the logic of the ‘man of system’ who is:

… apt to be very wise in his own conceit; and is often so enamoured with the supposed beauty of his own ideal plan of government, that he cannot suffer the smallest deviation from any part of it. He goes on to establish pletely and in all its parts, without any regard either to the great interests, or to the strong prejudices which may oppose it. He seems to imagine that he can arrange the different members of a great society with as much ease as the hand arranges the different pieces upon a chess-board. He does not consider that the pieces upon the chess-board have no other principle of motion besides that which the hand impresses upon them; but that, in the great chess-board of human society, every single piece has a principle of motion of its own, altogether different from that which the legislature might chuse to impress upon it.

The more the “principle of motion” within the human person, endowed with the image and likeness of God, is recognized the more conscience itself es central to our conception of social justice. Without it the notion of the human person and society itself, beyond both the state and even certain conceptions of the market, is impossible.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Video: Gregory Thornbury at Acton University 2015
Wednesday was the first full day of Acton University 2015, and it ended with a plenary session featuring GregoryAlan Thornbury, the President of The King’s College in New York City. Thornbury’s address was preceded by an introduction by Acton Institute Research Fellow andassociate professor of theology at The King’s College, Anthony B. Bradley. We’re pleased to present the evening’s program here on the PowerBlog for your edification. ...
Audio: Jordan Ballor on Laudato Si’
Jordan Ballor, editor of the Journal of Markets and Morality, joinedhost Austin Hill on Faith Radio’s Austin Hill in the Morning show on Friday morning to discuss Pope Francis’ new encyclical,Laudato Si’, and its impact in the broader Christian world beyond the Roman Catholic Church. You can listen to the interview via the audio player below. ...
Video: Joel Salatin Speaks at Acton University 2015
Self-described “lunatic farmer” Joel Salatin took over the podium last night at the Thursday night plenary session of Acton University 2015 and delivered an engaging and interesting address to the gathered attendees. We’re pleased to share the video of Salatin’s presentation with you below. ...
Prediction Regarding Laudato Si’ Turns Out To Be Accurate
Who could have predicted, six months ago, what the encyclical Laudato Si’, would hold in store? Seems like Jennifer Roback Morse could. In a January 2015 piece for The Daily Caller, Morse made some predictions that turned out to be spot on. I do not know what he is going to say. Neither, dear reader, does anyone else you are likely to read. However, I can tell you two things that he will certainly not say. And those two unsaid...
Environment Encyclical Is ‘Well Intentioned, Deeply Flawed’
Samuel Gregg, Acton’s director of research, writes in The American Spectator today about Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ encyclical which addresses environmental issues. Gregg says that part of the encyclical’s intent is to add to the global discussion regarding the environment and to the climate change debate. However, Gregg believes that the encyclical, rather than enlightening, is muddying the waters. To be sure, there is much about today’s global economy that merits criticism. The encyclical rightly underscores the problem of bailing...
Does Pope Blame Free Markets For Environmental Ills?
Today’s Washington Examiner has a piece that says “conservatives” are slamming Laudato Si’, the new papal encyclical released yesterday. “Slam” may be too strong a word; though there is plenty of vigorous discussion regarding the encyclical. Acton’s director of research Samuel Gregg is quoted in the Washington Examiner piece, and while he is clearly concerned about portions of the encyclical, he does not “slam” this work either. It tends to characterize free markets as unregulated, which is simply untrue. It...
Video: Rev. Robert A. Sirico Delivers Closing Plenary Address of Acton University 2015
Acton University 2015 came to a close last night with a plenary address from Rev. Robert A. Sirico. We invite you to view the full address via the video player below. ...
A Guide to Laudato Si: A Section-By-Section Summary of Pope Francis’ Encyclical on the Environment
Pope Francis has released his eagerly anticipated encyclical on the environment, Laudato Si’. While the document deserves a close reading, its extreme length (80 pages/45,000 words) will make it difficult for many people to process. To help highlight some of the key points I’ve produced a section-by-section summary of the entire encyclical. As with any summary, much of the meaning and context will be lost. But I hope this will provide you with a starting point for greater engagement with...
Fr. Sirico in the Wall Street Journal: The Pope’s Green Theology
In an op-ed published in theWall Street Journal,Fr. Robert Sirico writes about the encyclical, the role of free markets and the need for continuous conversation about the environment: Let’s cut to the chase: Much of what is in Pope Francis’ encyclical on environmental stewardship, Laudato Si’, poses a major challenge for free-market advocates, those of us who believe that capitalism is a powerful force for caring for the earth and lifting people out of poverty. But one of the most...
Social Justice and the Spirit of Association
What is social justice? Is it a vision of a perfectly just society? Is it an ideal set of government policies?Is it a particular theory or practice? Is it a virtue? A religious concept? A social arrangement? In a lecture at Acton University on his ing book, Social Justice: What It Is, What It Isn’t, Michael Novak soughtto answer somethese questions with a particular framework around intermediary institutions. Offeringa broad survey of the term’s origins, history, and modern use and...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2025 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved