Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
The cosmic battle for economics: Toppling ideological idols with Christian wisdom
The cosmic battle for economics: Toppling ideological idols with Christian wisdom
Dec 11, 2025 3:31 PM

When I began my freshman year of college, I didn’t care much about economics. Having been raised in a conservative Christian home, I had adopted a generically pro-capitalism shtick, but it wasn’t much to stand on. As I arrived at my left-leaning Christian college, that lack of foundation soon became clear.

I found myself swirling amid campus debates about “economic justice,” infused with lofty religious language. Progressive economic policies were championed with social-gospel gusto and the Acts-2 arguments for socialism were aplenty. None of it added up, but my own defenses of capitalism were also woefully inadequate—heavy on “facts,” but lacking any sort of transcendent vision.

Unsatisfied, I began to read, but it was hard to find resources. I wanted a basic Christian understanding of the economic order and all that it might imply—one that didn’t rely on policy-centric debates. Unfortunately, most of what I found was either too heavy on economics, too shallow on the connections to faith, or too intellectually convoluted to properly parse. It was hard to connect the dots.

In his new book, Economics: A Student’s Guide, Greg Forster gives a gift to those in this position. Weaving together scripture, theology, history, and philosophy, Forster offers a clear, deep, and yet remarkably concise view of economics through the lens of the Christian tradition. Avoiding “issues-based” arguments, Forster focuses instead on telling the larger spiritual story—interpreting and examining economics as a ponent of a Christian worldview and cultural imagination.

“It’s no wonder economists joke that their field is ‘the dismal science,’” Forster writes, noting the range of economic challenges we currently face. “But it is possible to see these things from another perspective. The Christian intellectual tradition, building on the revelation of God in Christ by the Spirit in the word, has spent two thousand years helping people lift their eyes to a higher reality that lies behind these troubling experiences.”

Unlike many primers, Forster’s doesn’t proceed with a stale, tailored outline of relevant scriptures and church history with mentary. Instead, he continually points to a more provocative premise—that, for Christians, the economic life is a “major strategic front” in a cosmic spiritual battle and we’d do well to treat it as such:

What if our daily struggles to keep a job and make ends meet, our organizational struggles to make payroll and keep the lights on, and our societal struggles to manage public economic concerns are really battles in a cosmic civil war between God and Satan?

What if every time we allow our economic actions to pursue greed, sloth, pride, envy, gluttony, lust, and wrath, we are surrendering a hill, abridge, or an airstrip to the armies of our eternal enemy? What if every time we manage our economic affairs—from the personal to the public—with the justice and mercy of our gracious and powerful God, we are striking back against our ghostly foe and reclaiming a little piece of the world for the holy love of God? How can Christians develop ways of thinking about and participating in the economy that take it seriously as a major strategic front in the holy war between God and Satan for the fate of the universe?

To answer those questions, Forster uses a mix of ground-level stage-setting, rich storytelling across church history, and—to end it all—a bit of artful idol-tipping.

In the first two chapters, he gives a broad scriptural, theological and philosophical basis for how Christians ought to think of economics as a science and sphere, as well as how we ought to approach and embody our stewardship more generally. Forster affirms what many Acton readers will already know: anthropology changes everything.

He then moves to a deeper, wider retelling of how Jesus’ radical witness and sacrifice altered the economic order and is still transforming hearts and systems to this day. Beginning with Jesus’ upside-down Gospel of grace, Forster walks us through the evolution of the church’s subsequent influence on the world, from the ancient (“from natural to supernatural economics”) to the medieval (“from conventional to reforming economics”) to the modern (“from static to dynamic economics”).

The result pelling and brings its own mix of unique insights, even for those well-versed in the topic, covering a mix of natural/spiritual events and social/economic transformations. Forster manages to weave together a coherent Christian vision across a range of cultural contexts and economic ages, while also showing the implications for how it might apply more practically in policy and society.

Having done so, he shifts to our present situation, challenging our cultural assumptions mitments when es to economics. Pressing us to move “from ideological captivity to theological transformation,” Forster invites us back to that age-old cosmic battle. Critiquing idolatries of market and state alike, we see a different path, toward fuller and truer Christian freedom.

The answer, Forster concludes, is not found in an ideology, but an economic wisdom and spiritual wherewithal to e peting idolatries of our age—both as individuals who live distinctively Christian economic lives and as munity of believers who bring a distinctively Christian witness to other layers of society (economic, political, and otherwise):

Over time, such approaches would develop into a “Christian economics” in a different sense—one that brings life to the world rather than bringing it yet another battle in the culture war. Christ continues the holy war to reclaim God’s creation order by redeeming us through his Spirit to live as good stewards of that creation order. His brave new world of holy love in the kingdom of God challenged, and ultimately helped to destroy, the cowardly old world of the limited-access order. Today, Christ’s authentic brave new world challenges the phony brave new worlds of materialistic worldliness that have risen to power in the open-access order—the economic idolatries of autonomous markets and states.

By faith, we know that Christ’s is the real brave new world, the traumatic inauguration of a radical new reality. Its ing, when it arrives, will usher in an eternity of justice, peace, mercy, and flourishing, with a beauty and joy that will surpass all our present dim glimpses of it as dramatically as the summer sunshine surpasses a pinprick of light in a dark room. Our job is to make that pinprick a little bit wider every day. By God’s grace, millions of Christians are already doing just that. It is a high and holy calling that we receive afresh each Sunday and carry into every domain of work and economic exchange on the other six days of the week.

Looking back at myself as a young college student, I now realize how stuck I really was in trying to weigh the economic issues of my day. I was scratching at the surface, and in turn, I struggled to find the bigger story, which was the one thing that could actually make sense of all the rest.

The specific issues and debates are incredibly important, of course. But without a deeper revelation of Christ’s transformative work and power across all of society, the host of our intellectual battles and moral debates will struggle to properly resolve. Without an outlook of true and embodied economic wisdom, we will far too easily opt for the materialistic alternatives.

As Forster reminds us, a far better reality already awaits.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Orthodox Bishops Kidnapped By Terrorists
Two Syrian Orthodox bishops have been abducted by terrorists in a suburb of Aleppo in Syria as they were returning from Antioch (Antakya, Turkey). While both clergymen are believed to be alive, their driver was killed during the attack: Syriac Orthodox bishop Yohanna Ibrahim and Greek Orthodox Archbishops of Aleppo Paul, who also happens to be the brother of Patriarch John of Antioch and All The East were abducted en route to Aleppo from a town on the Turkish border...
Will New Internet Sales Tax Laws Create Market Fairness?
It’s called the “Marketplace Fairness Act,” but how fair is it and who does it really benefit? The legislation, which is expected to pass the Senate, is heralded by supporters as instituting market equity to the brick and mortar retailers. Supporters also proclaim it will help to alleviate state budget shortfalls. The Marketplace Fairness Act gives new authority to states to directly collect sales taxes from online retailers. Jia Lynn Lang at The Washington Post explains: Since before the dawn...
How to See Like a State
What does it mean to see like a State? “In short, to see like the state is to be myopic,” says Brian Dijkema. “This myopia views geography, people, their customs and traditions in a way that “severely brackets all variables except those bearing directly” on the state’s interests of revenue, security, and order.” An example from the institutional point of view of schools illustrates the point well. Education, and the shape of the schools that provide it, is one of...
Sec. Kerry Urges Turkey to Re-Open Orthodox Seminary
The Halki seminary near Istanbul was the main school of theology of the Eastern Orthodox Church’s Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople from 1884 until the Turkish parliament enacted a law banning private higher education institutions in 1971. For more than 40 years, the law has kept Orthodox clergy schools closed. But in an encouraging development for religious liberties, Secretary of State John Kerry is urging the Turkish government to reopen the seminaries: “It is our hope that the Halki seminary will...
Fighting Poverty with Toy Blocks and Economic Growth
AEI’s Values and Capitalism just released a new book titled, Economic Growth: Unleashing the Potential for Human Flourishing. In support of the book, they’ve produced a video highlighting the great work of Tegu Toys, a wooden block manufacturer based in Honduras. In a country where 64% of people live below the poverty line, Tegu is creating economic growth and, in the process, is seeing the lives of its employees transformed. Chris Haughey, Tegu co-founder, started pany in Honduras with a...
Christian Scholarship and the Crisis of the University
This past weekend, I had the privilege to attend and present a paper at the 2013 Kuyper Center for Public Theology conference at Princeton Seminary. The conference was on the subject of “Church and Academy” and focused not only on the relationship between the institutions of the Church and the university, but also on questions such as whether theology still has a place in the academy and what place that might be. The discussion raised a number of important questions...
Neither Worshipping Nor Demonizing Capitalism
Questions about poverty and social teaching are on the forefront of Pope Francis’ mind, as he’s made convincingly clear in his young papacy. This calls for cogent thinking on the topic, according to Fr. John Flynn, LC in “Francis and Catholic Social Teaching: Debates About Economy, Equality and Poverty Sure to Continue.” Flynn cites Jerry Z. Muller, professor of History at the Catholic University of America, who gives credit to the astonishing “leap in human progress” that capitalism has brought...
Where Opportunity and Obligation Meet
Over at Fare Forward, Cole Carnesecca provides some great insights into how we should think about calling, offering some similar sentiments to those expressed in my recent post on family and vocation. “Whatever else you may think you are called to,” Carnesecca writes, “if you have a spouse and children, you are called to your family.” Focusing on the troubled marriages of Methodism founder John Wesley and Chinese evangelist John Sung, Carnesecca explains how a misaligned and over-spiritualized concept of...
ICCR Shareholders vs. World Hunger
Finding solutions for feeding the world’s poorest is about as non-controversial a mission as you could imagine for someone pursuing a religious vocation. Yet, the investors belonging to the Interfaith Center for Corporate Responsibility put politicized science ahead of that mission in their opposition to genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The ICCR’s approach to GMOs leans more toward anti-business political activism than any concern for producing plentiful crops that are resilient against pests, diseases and extreme weather events such as drought...
Obamacare and the Hubris of the Technocrats
Sen. Max Baucus (D-Mont.) was one of the key architects of Obamacare and one of the legislation’s greatest champions. But now he fears a “train wreck” as the Obama administration implements its signature healthcare law. In a recent hearing he asked Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius for details about how the Health Department will explain the law and raise awareness of its provisions, which are supposed to take effect in just a matter of months: “I’m very concerned that not...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2025 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved