Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
Study: Is population growth essential to economic flourishing?
Study: Is population growth essential to economic flourishing?
Dec 14, 2025 6:35 AM

Thedoom delusionsof central planners and population “experts” are well documented and thoroughly exposed, from the faulty predictions of Paul Ehrlich to the more recent hysteria among environmental activists who continue to day-dream about the glories of “a world without us.”

Thankfully, due to a growing crop of calming counters from leading mainstream thinkers—from Steven Pinker to Hans Rosling—society has e a bit more resilient against the heightened hyperbole of population doom-and-gloomers.

But even if such fears have been somewhat mitigated, do we fully appreciate the benefits that population growth can bring amid a free and virtuous society? It’s one thing to believe that human creativity and innovation will outpace the speed of scarcity—that population growth is manageable;it’s quite another to believe that such growth is essentialto the flourishing of all else.

In a new paperfrom the Cato Institute, Gale Pooley and Marian Tupy examine the strength of such a stance, establishing a new method for measuring the influence of population growth on the availability of resources. Centering their efforts around the work of Julian Simon—the late economist who famously argued against Ehrlich, claiming that humans were “the ultimate resource”—Pooley and Tupy set out to assess the validity of what they call “Simon’s Rule.”

“In Simon’s modities grow more plentiful not in spite of population growth, but because of it,” they write. “With every hungry es a brain capable of reason and innovation. Was he correct?”

To find the answer, Pooley and Tupy assess price data for “50 modities, covering energy, food, materials, and metals,” using four distinct concepts to measure it in relation to population trends.

Their methods of measurement and the subsequent findings for each are summarized as follows:

Time-Price of Commodities:“The time-price modities allows us to measure the cost of resources in terms of human labor. We find that, in terms of global average hourly modity prices fell by 64.7 percent between 1980 and 2017.”Price Elasticity of Population (PEP): “[This] allows us to measure sensitivity of resource availability to population growth. We find that the time-price modities declined by 0.934 percent for every 1 percent increase in the world’s population over the same time period.”Simon Abundance Framework: “[This] uses the PEP values to distinguish between different degrees of resource abundance, from decreasing abundance at one end to superabundance at the other end. Considering that the time-price modities decreased at a faster proportional rate than population increased, we find that humanity is experiencing superabundance.”Simon Abundance Index: “[This] uses the time-price modities and change in global population to estimate overall resource abundance. We find that the planet’s resources became 379.6 percent more abundant between 1980 and 2017.”

Such findings fly in the face of our culture’s predominant scarcity-mindedness, reminding us that human capacity will continue to confound the predictions of planners and population soothsayers. Yet we should also be mindful that while these trends are relatively new, population growth is not. There’s something more at work than simply “more people = more prosperity.” The civilizational context matters a great deal.

“In addition to more labor, a growing population produces more ideas,” Pooley and Tupy write. “More ideas lead to more innovations, and more innovations improve productivity. Finally, higher productivity translates to better standards of living.”

The ability of humans to e scarcity has to do with our creative and innovative spirit, something which can either be stifled or unleashed, depending on a range of cultural and institutional factors. Population growth can, indeed, lead to increases in innovation, economic abundance, and social dynamism, but only if individuals munities are given the freedom and social stability to experiment with and express that underlying ingenuity—discovering, creating, contributing, and exchanging with each other freely and openly.

“The Earth’s atoms may be fixed, but the binations of those atoms are infinite,” the report concludes. “What matters, then, is not the physical limits of our planet, but human freedom to experiment and reimagine the use of resources that we have.”

While the report doesn’t aim to address the theological or philosophical implications of all this, the underlying assumptions nestle neatly with a Christian understanding of our God-given capacity as social, creative, spiritual, and material beings. The mystery of our modern superabundance is tied to a deeper mystery about who we really are and what we were destined to plish here on Earth—explaining, from another perspective, why freedom, virtue, and population growth make for such a bination.

For a broad explanation, see the following episode from the Acton Institute’s The Good Society series:

We were created in the image of a creator-God to be producers and gift-givers—sharing, exchanging, collaborating, and innovating alongside the grand family of humankind. When this calling is unleashed and channeled accordingly, we can expect to see far more than economic abundance as a result. When we increase the population, we see munities, new cultures, and new civilizations, each partnering with God and neighbor in a divine exchange of gifts and blessings.

In keeping with Julian Simon’s famous observation, humans are valuable resources, and not just in terms of economic efficiency and capacity. We have inherent dignity and value. We have ideas. Each individual is born a creator and a dreamer — a unique and precious person born for relationship and brimming with capacity for production, investment, and love.

Unlike the scarcity-mindedness of Ehrlich and his modern incarnations, this is not fancy theology fit for a convenient ideology. History has proven it rather sufficiently, and we continue to see growing evidence in studies like Pooley and Tupy’s.Rather than tweaking our doomsday prophecies and predictions, we’d do well torecognize God’s gift of humanity and work to createa world that appreciates the blessings it can bring.

Image: Pedestrians (Pixabay License)

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Penitence in the penitentiary
Joe Knippenberg, who blogs at No Left Turns, provides a thoughtful and engaging analysis of the particulars of the recent Iowa court decision finding against InnerChange Freedom Initiative, an outreach of Prison Fellowship Ministries. In “Penitents in the Penitentiary?,” at The American Enterprise Online, Knippenberg writes, “Despite my general support for the faith-based initiative, and for religious efforts to put the penitence back in penitentiaries, I’m inclined for the most part to agree with Judge Pratt. In this particular case,...
Evangelicals and cable TV
A story over the weekend in Washington Post gives a good overview of the mixed motives behind evangelical campaigning for and against a la carte pricing of cable channels, despite the poorly chosen title, “Evangelicals vs. Christian Cable” (as if Christian broadcasters aren’t largely evangelicals of some sort or another). Just a sign that in the MSM evangelical is ing a term with primarily political rather than theological content. On the one side, lobbyists who want to be able to...
The new urban Christians
“Should I not be concerned about that great city?” asks God of the prophet Jonah about Nineveh, which “has more than a hundred and twenty thousand people who cannot tell their right hand from their left, and many cattle as well.” God is rebuking the recalcitrant prophet, who only carried out his assigned proclamation in Nineveh after a rather harrowing adventure on the high seas. After Jonah delivered his message, “Forty more days and Nineveh will be overturned,” the Bible...
History and empire
John Wilson, editor of Books & Culture, writes up a summary of the proceedings of The Historical Society’s conference, “Globalization, Empire, and Imperialism in Historical Perspective.” “We urgently need an antidote to the journalistic clichés and the even more deplorable pseudo-scholarly discourse surrounding the interlocked themes of globalization, empire, and imperialism. We need the distance—the perspective—that good historical thinking affords. There was plenty of that on display in Chapel Hill, along with some muddle,” reports Wilson. For more on how...
Guilt free ecology
TerraPass is a way to assuage a guilty conscience caused by your car’s CO2 emissions. In the interest of trying to be balanced on the whole CO2 debate, here’s a link to their climate change blog with plenty of GW posts. To each his own. But it sounds like a way for mon folk to buy into what Iain Murray calls “the new aristocracy:” Al Gore justifies his enjoyment of a carbon-intensive lifestyle in a speech in the UK: He...
Follies of the Wise
Here’s a link to the introduction to Frederick Crews’ new book, Follies of the Wise, which includes the following statement: Having made a large intellectual misstep in younger days, I am aware that rationality isn’t an endowment but an achievement that e undone at any moment. And that is just why it is prudent, in my opinion, to distrust sacrosanct authorities, whether academic or psychiatric or ecclesiastic, and to put one’s faith instead in objective procedures that can place a...
A different view of immigration
I haven’t been uncritical of American bishops’ statements concerning immigration. But I wouldn’t go *quite* as far as Pastor Ralph Ovadal of Pilgrims Covenant Church, for whom the terms ‘antichrist,’ ‘Romanist,’ and ‘Reconquista’ fairly roll off the tongue. Rick Garnett has an appropriately tongue-in-cheek treatment at Mirror of Justice. ...
There are more environmentalist misanthropes than you think
On April 3, I reported the story of Texas scientist Eric Pianka, who allegedly argued in a speech that the only hope for the planet was for a mutated Ebola virus to exterminate 90% of the human population. Forrest Mims, who attended the speech, broke the story. Over the next few weeks, there was a media firestorm over the incident, and Mims was accused of misrepresenting Pianka’s speech. As a result, I received several emails telling me that I should...
Inconvenient expertise
During this year’s hurricane season, global warming will likely e a topic of discussion at dinner tables across the United States (and likely in other countries as well). Al Gore recently released his documentary on climate change. “An Inconvenient Truth” asserts that global warming is indeed a real occurrence, and that it is being caused by CO2 being pumped into the atmosphere by factories, vehicles, etc. Gore also asserts that the majority of the munity” agree that global warming is...
The ties that bind: cabled Christianity
Pro-family and church groups are battling over a proposed policy that would allow viewers to select their cable TV plans on an “a la carte” basis. But why are they asking the federal government to referee this fight? In this week’s Acton Commentary, I examine at the most munications policy: Turning off the TV. Read the mentary here. Related Items: Daniel Pulliam, “Preachers and pornographers unite,” GetReligion, June 12, 2006. Jordan J. Ballor, “Evangelicals and Cable TV,” Acton Institute PowerBlog,...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2025 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved