Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
Corporations: moral, immoral, or amoral?
Corporations: moral, immoral, or amoral?
Jan 20, 2026 6:03 AM

Is the free market moral? To hear its opponents describe it, the free market is an unethical system that exploits workers, consumers and the environment to make a quick buck. To critics such as Marx, capitalism leaves “no other bond between man and man than naked self-interest,” replacing human connections with cost-benefit analyses and supply-and-demand charts.

Despite its detractors, capitalism is a system that allows for the continued growth of wealth across the globe, and to quote Jonah Goldberg of the National Review, “the best anti-poverty program ever conceived.” If one considers lifting the poor out of poverty as moral, he or she may begin to see the free market as a “moral” system after all.

Despite its material benefits to the global society, the free market in and of itself is not a moral actor. Rather, the market reflects the moral choices of consumers and producers.

The free market, simply put, is a system based on peting desires of consumers who want to use their wealth as efficiently as they can. It prised of workers who want to make the most money they can and providers who want to make the largest profit they can. Each of peting desires, like the three branches of the American government, works to offset the power of the other two. In the correct circumstances, which usually involve the state getting out of the way, this system provides for the wages and products necessary for individual and family life, as well as the capital necessary for the continued growth of business and global wealth.

Such a system is neither a panacea nor a treacherous system of exploitation in and of itself, but rather a trio peting self-interests. Even so, it is not exactly amoral, either. In a free market system, consumers have the ability to choose with whom they wish to do business, and these decisions are usually not solely based on an economic determinism of finding the best deal. Meanwhile, employees, executives and stockholders e to the table with their own scruples regarding pany’s use of capital. In short, corporations are not moral actors, but the decisions of those involved with them determine their morality.

Because of panies in the free market are mirrors of the morality and opinions of both their clientele and their decision-makers. Take, for instance, Walmart, the ubiquitous symbol of corporate efficiency. According to an article by The Wall Street Journal, Walmart has undertaken several morally-motivated actions, such as ending the sale of Confederate-themed merchandise and opposing a bill that would allow religious belief-based discrimination against LGBT customers, as a deliberate part of their CEO Doug McMillon’s plan to make Walmart the world’s “most trusted retailer.” In other words, Walmart has taken a stand on these issues not due to something inherent within pany, but rather due to bination of its CEO’s beliefs and an attempt to garner support from like-minded consumers.

Walmart’s market-based moralizing is not an outlier. Who hasn’t seen “fair trade” products advertised in their local coffee shop, or donations to a particular charity taken from the price of a good? Corporations make these decisions based on the whims of their executives, stockholders or customers, not because of an inherent sense of duty to do the right thing. In other panies seek to plish what their stakeholders see as “good,” whatever that may be.

Companies parrot the opinions of the people involved in them, and this is an ever-present reminder that the market is not by itself a wholly sufficient solution to society’s problems. Companies are not, in and of themselves, moral actors; your local fast-food franchise will not be espousing political opinions or performing philanthropy without a push from customers or decision-makers within pany.

To return to the question: Is the free market moral? The answer plicated. Corporations are the greatest mechanism for economic growth, but at their worst they also have the potential to be a severely damaging influence on society. For this reason, both decision-makers and customers have an obligation to guide the decisions of corporations. When enough customers disavow themselves from pany, it must change whatever it has done that customers find morally unacceptable, or pay an economic price. Likewise, executives and stockholders guide corporations towards doing good when their decisions have a ponent as well as fiscal. Properly understood, corporations are extraordinary tools for the growth of prosperity worldwide, but like all tools, people must make the right decisions on how to use them.

Prieur – CC-BY-SA)

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Lex Luthor, Capitalist Villain
In an earlier post pared the political economy of superheroes in the DC and Marvel universes. And today I have a piece up at The Stream examining the figure of Lex Luthor, the crony capitalist villain featured in Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice. As I write in that piece, Luthor is certainly more than a crony capitalist, but he is not less than one, and it is this corruption of democratic capitalism that serves as a backdrop for his...
Audio: Samuel Gregg Revisits Regensburg
Samuel GreggOn Monday evening, Acton Institute Director of Research Samuel Gregg joined host Sheila Liaugminas on Relevant Radio’s A Closer Look to examine Pope Benedict XVI’s Regensburg address as we approach the tenth anniversary of its delivery. Greggemphasizes the fact that our understanding of who God is and what his nature is has important implications for how we understand human liberty and rationality, and argues that as western nations have gradually abandoned the Christian religious principles that formerly undergirded their...
Roundup: Samuel Gregg on Pope Francis and Overpopulation, Pope Leo XIII and Modernity, and Constitutional Conservatism
New articles from the indefatigable Samuel Gregg, research director of the Acton Insitute: Amoris Laetitia: Another Nail in the “Overpopulation” Coffin, The Catholic World Report Here the pope signals his awareness of the efforts of various organizations—the UN, the World Bank, the IMF, the EU, particular US administrations—to push anti-natalist policies upon developing nations. A Revolutionary Pope for Revolutionary Times, Crisis Magazine Between 1878 and 1903, Leo issued an astonishing 85 encyclicals. Many dealt squarely with the political, social, and...
Leftist Shareholders Attack Corporate Free Speech
On its website, Trinity Health trumpets its shareholder activism. Based in Livonia, Mich., the Catholic health care provider boasts operations in 21 states, which includes 90 hospitals and 120 long-term care facilities. For this last, Trinity should be lauded. For the first, however, your writer is left shaking his head. Among Trinity’s list of five shareholder advocacy priorities, two stand out: • uphold the dignity of the human person. • enable access to health care. In other words, issues any...
North Koreans face new challenges after they defect
They faced potential starvation, imprisonment, torture, and made a dangerous journey to freedom only to discover new struggles that they never could prehended in their former lives. Stories and reports of North Koreans fleeing their country aren’t particularly unusual. There are dozens of books written by or about North Korean defectors. Last week, thirteen North Koreans who worked for a restaurant fled to South Korea. It’s also been recently reported that a high-ranking colonel from North Korean military’s General Reconnaissance...
Money and Moral Absolutes
In medieval Europe merchants would often writeDeus enim et proficuum (“For God and Profit”) in the upper corners of their accounting ledgersorA nome di Dio e guadangnio (“In the Name of God and Profit”) on partnership contracts. These words reflected their authors’ conviction that banking and finance were economically useful endeavors,saysSamuel Greggin this week’s Acton Commentary. Luis Molina and the many other Christians who explored these areas throughout history were not searching for greater marketplace effi­ciencies. Their concern was moral....
Rev. Sirico: Pope Francis’s Love Letter to the Family
“What the pope has brought forth is honest, timely and sensitive,” writes Rev. Robert A. Sirico, co-founder and president of the Acton Institute. “Amoris Laetitia explores plicated pastoral situations that any confessor will know all too well: challenges of how weak and fallen people can authentically live the faith.” In the Detroit News, Rev. Sirico discusses Pope Francis’s love letter to the family: The pope’s reflections are aimed at how to make a solid moral discernment in the midst of...
4 Reasons to Support School Choice from Pope Francis’s ‘Amoris Laetitia’
Pope Francis’s recently released apostolic exhortation Amoris Laetitiahas received considerable attention because of the issue of divorce munion. But the 60,000+ word document has much more to say about family life than the dissolution of marriage. For example, it provides pelling reasons for all Christians (not just Catholics) to support school choice. The term “school choice” refers to programs that give parents the power and opportunity to choose the schools their children attend, whether public, private, parochial, or homeschool. While...
A Papal Revolution
This year marks the 125th anniversary of Pope Leo XIII’s encyclical Rerum Novarum and the beginning of the modern Catholic social encyclical tradition. In this landmark text, Leo courageously set out to examine the “new things” of his time, especially the changes associated with the Industrial Revolution. These included the emergence of an urbanized working class, the breakdown of old social hierarchies, and the rise of capitalism as well as ideologies such as socialism, munism, and corporatism. On April 20,...
Tesla Motors Releases a Car for the Masses That Runs on Coal
Electric cars are not a new invention, nor are they as popular as they once were. (They debuted in 1890 and by 1900 electric cars accounted for around a third of all vehicles on the road.) But over the past decade, thanks to Elon Musk and Tesla Motors, electric cars have e much more interesting. Tesla rolled out the first fully electric sports car in 2008 and a fully electric luxury sedan in 2012. And earlier this month they unveiled...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2026 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved