Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
Civil Society and Social Eco-System: Seeking Solutions Beyond Market and State
Civil Society and Social Eco-System: Seeking Solutions Beyond Market and State
Mar 9, 2026 1:27 PM

Over at Fieldnotes Magazine, Matthew Kaemingk offers a good reminder that in our social solutions-seeking we needn’t be limited to thinking only in terms of market and state. By boxing ourselves in as such, Kaemingk argues, Christians risk an overly simplistic, non-Biblicalview of human needs and human destiny:

When presented with almost any social problem (education, health care, poverty, family life, and so on), today’s leaders typically point to one of two possible solutions—a freer market or a stronger state. But in opposition to these rather myopic solutions, I think there is a plex and biblical lens through which leaders can consider the social eco-system and the people who move around in it.

Instead of simplistic descriptions of human beings as either clients of the state petitors in the market, the Christian Scriptures present humanity in a plex way. We find plex creature with a wide variety of gifts, abilities, interests, aspects, loyalties, and solidarities. Created in the image of God, human beings in the Bible are anything but simple. They are munal, religious, artistic, familial, charitable, scientific, literary, moral, athletic, fun, and funny. The robust anthropology found in the Bible depicts a creature that could never be fully defined, controlled, content, or nourished by the market or the state alone—thank God.

This perspective ties in well with Rev. Robert Sirico’s final chapter in his book, Defending the Free Market, where he criticizes the popularnotion of homo economicus, from which plenty of bad economic policy and market decision-making has been generated:

Any man who was only economic man would be a lost soul. And any civilization that produced only homines economici to fill its markets, courts, legislative bodies, and other institutions would soon enough be a lost civilization. Familial love, voluntary dedication to philanthropy and faith, the creation of art and music would be at their most minimal level, and whole sectors of life pletely vanish. Focusing the whole of life on the acquisition of quantifiable goods does not bring true happiness or peace, as almost everyone knows. We all have material appetites, but we do not (pray God) always feed them…Human beings find ultimate fulfillment not in acquisition but in developing, sharing, and using their God-given creative capacities for good and giving themselves to others.

Kaemingk goes on to point out how healthy governments and markets rely on social capital—features like responsibility, empathy, trustworthiness, and creativity. Yet for Kaemingk, social capital can only be cultivated outside of governments and markets. “The irony is that while states and markets depend on this social capital, they can neither produce nor sustain it,” he writes. “They need civil society to cultivate it.”

Although I’d grant that the bulk of such cultivation does likely occur in areas outside of governments and markets—in families, churches, boy scouts troops, and food banks—I would note that I find it hard to exclude governments and markets from this activity altogether (which I’m not sure Kaemingk means to do). Particularly when es to what Kaemingk calls “free institutions,” the market in particularputs its toe into this “third sector” quite regularly.Even in the market,Christians needn’t be trapped in a mindset of human beings as mere petitors.” Surely there is a path for Christians to engage in a way that dips into the munal, religious, artistic, familial, charitable, scientific, literary, moral, athletic, fun, and funny.” For one recent example of the market producing a strange mix of these features, see last night’s Occupy Conan experiment.

This isn’t to disregard Kaemingk’s message about the importance of the “non-profit” world that passes the rest of our daily lives. I agree this is the primary well from which things flow, and I understand the need to draw categorical lines at some point and place. But I do think it’s important to note that plenty of overlap exists even among the sectors noted.

That point made, I think the thrust of Kaemingk’s argument pushes us in this very direction, making clear the broader need to reach beyond an either-or and more toward a both-and in our thinking about these things:

Beyond the benefits of “social capital,” Christian leaders can sing the praises of these free institutions and groups simply because they provide human beings—created in the plex image of God—with free spaces in which they can sing and pray, play and rhyme, stitch and paint, collaborate and converse, cook and eat, and share together their hopes and jokes, fears and passions, frustrations and failures. Civil society provides a wide variety of spaces in which creatures can glorify their creator in a wide variety of ways.

To love God and one’s neighbor is a disciple’s most pressing obligation. If we are going to love this Creator and plex nature of his creation with all their gifts, abilities, passions, and interests, we will need to provide more than just states and abundant markets. We will need to establish and lead free spaces in which the diverse passions of our neighbors find a voice. Though many of our neighbors will not recognize their Creator, their quilts and card games, neighborhood resolutions and food drives, songs and poems, merit badges and pledge drives give glory to plex Creator they image.

Read the full post here.

For more on retaining a proper perspective mon grace, see Wisdom & Wonder: Common Grace in Science & Art.

To join the On Call in munity, like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Boris Johnson: ‘Free trade needs a global champion’
In the immediate aftermath of the historic vote for Brexit, many cheered Britain’s decision to leave the European Union, hailing it as a win for freedom, democracy, and subsidiarity. Yet others were quick to claim the move was driven only by populist fear and an inward-looking protectionism. In the years since, however, it has became readily apparent that possibilities for freer trade do, indeed, abound, with many of the country’s pro-Brexit leaders continuing to champion free and open global exchange....
Acton Institute ranks among world’s best in 2019 think tank report
A report on the global impact of think tanks has ranked the Acton Institute among the world’s most influential thought leaders. The University of Pennsylvania released its “2019 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report” last Friday. This year, the annual report – which was “designed to identify and recognize centers of excellence in all the major areas of public policy research” – opened the ratings to all 8,248 think tanks in its database. The report has recognized the Acton...
Generosity through trade: The power of giving and receiving
In cultivating a Christian ethic of economic generosity, we tend to focus heavily on traditional acts of charity—donating our dollars, volunteering our time, and so on. Likewise, in heeding Jesus’ call in Matthew 25 to serve the “least of these,” we often think through the lens of one-way material transfers. Yet throughout the Biblical story, we also see generosity manifest in the context of relationship. Sacrifice is paired with partnership, with giving finding much of its meaning in the receiving....
5 times President Trump attacked socialism in the 2020 State of the Union
President Donald Trump delivered the 2020 State of the Union address on Tuesday night, the ninety-seventh to be given in person and the third of his presidency. In addition to touting a booming economy and highlighting the heroism of the Tuskegee Airmen and other groundbreaking Americans, the president attacked socialism, in the U.S. and abroad, at least five times. Here are the ways President Trump opposed socialism or its premises during the 2020 State of the Union address: 1. “Socialism...
Acton Line podcast: How should Christians engage the world? In conversation with Abraham Kuyper
Central to the mission of the Acton Institute is educating people of faith about the connections that exist between religious life and economic thinking. Abraham Kuyper helped lay the groundwork for this mission by establishing why it’s important for Christians to be involved in the public square. Kuyper was a Dutch politician and a Reformed theologian during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. During his career, he wrote many books about theology, culture, business, and so much more, and...
Acton Commentary: Flexible wages are one path to a more humane market
In an increasingly polarized political environment, where purity of intention substitutes for successful results, some mentators have gone so far as to say that questioning the efficacy of raising the minimum wage to $15 a hour mocks God Himself. But this week’s Acton Commentary notes that those faithful to Catholic social teaching should accept wage flexibility, which reduces unemployment. In “Flexible wages are one path to a more humane market,” Michael Szpindor Watson, an assistant professor of economics at Belmont...
Acton Line podcast: Responding to the pope’s call for wealth redistribution
On February 5, Pope Francis addressed a crowd of economists and finance ministers that had gathered together for a seminar on “New Forms of Solidarity Towards Fraternal Inclusion, Integration and Innovation.” During his speech, the pope addressed the economy, sin, and finance, and he also called for wealth distribution in order to alleviate poverty. “The world is rich, and yet the poor increase around us,” he said. “If extreme poverty exists in the midst of wealth (also extreme), it is...
‘American Factory’ manufactures a lemon
(Feb. 12, 2020) Update: American Factory wins an Oscar for best feature documentary. In accepting the award, co-director Julia Reichert told attendees at the awards ceremony, “We believe that things will get better when workers of the world unite.” Where have we heard that before? Meanwhile, things are not getting better for the UAW. The Flint Journal reported yesterday that, “Former Flint UAW boss used bribes to buy homes, relative’s plastic surgery, feds say.” The newspaper cited a federal sentencing...
Catholics and classical liberals, yesterday and today
In many countries, debates we had 40 years ago are starting to be rehashed: can one be both a Catholic and a classical liberal? It’s good to remember some of the arguments that liberal Catholics used then to justify their positions. The Spanish priest Enrique Menéndez Ureña, SJ (1939-2014) started to work on this topic in the late 70s and early 80s. His work culminated in the book The Myth of Socialist Christianity, first published in 1981 as El Mito...
Sir Roger Scruton was a fearless ‘Knight of the West’
The late Sir Roger Scruton has been given many titles since his death on January 12. He’s been hailed as the “greatest conservative thinker of our age,” Britain’s “intellectual dissident” and beauty’s best modern defender. For Samuel Gregg, he will be forever remembered “as a gentle Knight of the Realm, but above all a fearless Knight of the West.” Writing at Law & Liberty, Gregg recalls Scruton’s fearlessness in the face of harassment endured for decades. Scruton was an unapologetic...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2026 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved