Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
5 Facts about international human rights
5 Facts about international human rights
Dec 27, 2025 9:33 AM

Today is the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a milestone document in the history of human rights. In honor of the observance, here are five facts you should know about international human rights:

1. Prior to the 1940s there were a number of documents, such as the the British Magna Carta and the U.S. Bill of Rights, that advanced the recognition of human rights. But few documents were recognized internationally as applying to all people at all times in all nations. During World War II the push for universal recognition of inalienable human rights was aided by the Atlantic Charter and by President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms speech before the United States Congress in 1941. These ideals were also transmitted in a pamphlet called, “The United Nations fight for the Four Freedoms: The Rights of All Men — Everywhere.”

2. The atrocities of the Nazis caused the munity to recognize a need for human rights to be established as an international legal status. More than 1,300 American non-governmental organizations joined together in placing newspaper ads calling for human rights to be an integral part of any future international organization, and called for the United Nations Charter to include a clear and mitment to human rights. On April 25, 1945, representatives from forty-six nations gathered in San Francisco to form the United Nations. They responded to the demand by mentioning human rights five times in the UN Charter. The charter also established mission “for the promotion of human rights.” This newly created “Commission on Human Rights” spent three years drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).

3. The Commission on Human Rights was made up of 18 members from various political, cultural and religious backgrounds. Eleanor Roosevelt, the widow of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, served as the chairperson of the UDHR mittee. As the UN notes, “Their work involved thousands of hours of intensive study, heated debate, and delicate negotiation that centered on innumerable mendations from many sources, public and private. The men and women of the Commission on Human Rights strove to forge a declaration that might successfully pass the hopes, beliefs and aspirations of people throughout the world.” After pleted its work, the document was submitted to the General Assembly’s Third Committee, which held a total of 81 meetings and considered 168 formal resolution on the declaration. Forty-eight nations voted for the Declaration, eight countries abstained (the Soviet bloc countries, South Africa and Saudi Arabia) and two countries were absent.

4. According to the UN, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights has inspired more than 80 international human rights treaties and declarations, numerous regional human rights conventions, domestic human rights bills, and constitutional provisions, which together constitute prehensive legally binding system for the promotion and protection of human rights.

5. Based on the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, all humans have the following rights:

To life.

To liberty.

To security of person.

To be free from slavery.

To be free from involuntary servitude.

To be free from torture.

To be free from cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment.

To recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

To equal protection of the law.

To an effective remedy by petent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.

To not be subject to arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile.

To a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal.

To be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which one has had all the guarantees necessary for one’s defense.

To be free from arbitrary interference with one’s privacy, family, home, or correspondence.

To be free from attacks upon one’s honor and reputation.

To the protection of the law against such interference or attacks upon’s one’s privacy, honor, or reputation.

To freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.

To leave any country, including one’s own.

To return to one’s country.

To seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

To a nationality.

To change one’s nationality.

To marry.

To found a family.

To free and full consent in choosing one’s spouse.

To own property alone as well as in association with others.

To be free from being arbitrarily deprived of one’s property.

To freedom of thought, conscience, and religion.

To change one’s religion or belief.

To manifest, either alone or munity with others and in public or private, one’s religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.

To freedom of opinion and expression.

To seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media.

To freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

To be free pulsion to belong to an association.

To take part in the government of one’s country.

To equal access of public services in one’s country.

To a secure society.

To work.

To free choice of employment.

To just and favorable conditions of work.

To protection against unemployment.

To equal pay for equal work.

To just and favorable remuneration ensuring for himself and one’s family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.

To form and to join trade unions for the protection of one’s interests.

To rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

To a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of one’s family, including food, clothing, housing, medical care, and necessary social services.

To security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond one’s control.

To free elementary education.

To equal access of higher education based on merit.

To choose the kind of education that shall be given to one’s children.

To participate in the cultural life of munity.

To enjoy the arts.

To share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

To the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary, or artistic production of which he is the author.

To a social and international order in which human rights and freedoms can be fully realized.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Brazil needs a right-wing intellectual movement
That Brazil experienced a surprising political movement and elected a right-wing government after decades of a democratic socialist regime, many people already know. However, a political movement is not enough to change the future of a nation. The reality is that Brazil is missing the most important element needed to root out an ideology of tyranny: an intellectual movement. The lack of a right-wing intellectual movement can cause dangerous consequences in Brazil. In the book The Intellectuals and Socialism, Friedrich...
Innovation in Nepal: Lessons on economic freedom from a farmer-entrepreneur
Agriculture is a way of life for the people of Sugauli Birta, a small village in Nepal. But while farmers invest much of their time and energy in their crops, they often spendlong hours traveling across the region to have their grain and rice ground by regional mills. Such journeys are a drain on productivity and opportunity, diverting attention and resources away from their land, families, munity. Fortunately, a local entrepreneur, Lorik Prasad Yadav, had an innovative idea that would...
No, millions of Americans are not living on less than $2 per day
Over the past five years some welfare advocates have been promoting an eye-opening claim: more than 3 million U.S. households—including 1.65 million households with children—are living on less than $2 per person, per day. That sounds horrific, and it is: horrifically misleading. New research published by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) finds that more than 90 percent of the 3.6 million non-homeless that had previously been classified as living in extreme poverty were misclassified. Shockingly, more than half...
Viktor Frankl on the error of the pleasure principle
Aristotle asked what made the good life? Was it pleasure, material wealth, honor, or virtue? He argued that while pleasure, wealth, and honor were a part of a good life and human happiness, they could not constitute it. Pleasure is fleeting, wealth is always always acquired for the sake of something else–a big house, a nice car, influence –and es from other people and can be taken away from you. Real human happiness and a good life could only obtained...
First Things Interviews Samuel Gregg about his new book
In a newly released interview, senior editor at First Things, Mark Baulerein, sits down with Samuel Gregg to discuss his new book, Faith, Reason, and the Struggle for Western Civilization. Gregg discusses the relationship between reason and faith among other topics that he addresses in his book. Gregg states: One of the things I try to argue in this book is that if you want to understand a civilization that has taken things like liberty, rule of law, creativity, justice,...
French-language readers of transatlantic learn of free-market environmentalism
The Acton Institute continues our outreach to the Francophone world with a new translation of one of our articles on the pivotal issue of environmental stewardship. The latest offering illustrates how the free market cares for creation better than government intervention. Our friend Benoît H. Perringraciously translated Joseph Sunde’s article “Free market environmentalism: Conserving and collaborating with nature”; the resultant “Une écologie de marché pour collaborer avec la nature” may be read at Acton’s Religion & Liberty Transatlantic website. Sunde...
Explainer: What you should know about the federal government’s two-year budget deal
What just happened? Yesterday the House of Representatives passed a passed a two-year budget and an agreement to once again raise the debt limit. The bill, known as the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019, is expected to be passed by the Senate next week. What does the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019 do? The legislation amends the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 to establish a congressional budget for fiscal years 2020 and 2021. The main actions...
Inadequate: Catholic magazine explains why it published Communist propaganda
If Dean Dettloff’s “The Catholic Case for Communism” were intended to be thought-provoking, it raises only one question: Why did America magazine facilitate this mendacious PR exercise? Editor Fr. Matt Malone, S.J.. felt a need to explain “Why we published an essay sympathetic munism.” (Read our analysis of the original article here.) Fr. Malone likened the article to the magazine bashing Senator Joe McCarthy, which he said took place after America “spent much of the previous 50 years loudly munism.”...
Boris Johnson: Where there is a vision, the people flourish?
Newly elected UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson eliminated half of Theresa May’s Cabinet members during his first day on the job. That es as Johnson presents a unique vision of economic liberty at home and independence from the European Union, writes Rev. Richard Turnbull in a new essay posted at the Acton Institute’sReligion & Liberty Transatlanticwebsite. Rev. Turnbull notes Johnson’s mitment to economic liberty, a view that has not been so strongly embraced since the time of Margaret Thatcher. After...
Why do we hate whistleblowers?
Americans claim to hate fraud and corruption. Yet we also tend to despise and discourage those who “snitch” and expose such crimes. How do we reconcile these contradictory positions? Today is “National Whistleblower Appreciation Day,” an observance to celebrate people e forward to raise the alarm about a problem within government or a public organization. In honor of the day I mend watching this video by Kelly Richmond Pope, an accounting professor turned documentary filmmaker, who considers why we hate...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2025 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved