Home
/
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
/
5 Facts about international human rights
5 Facts about international human rights
Jan 11, 2025 8:57 AM

Today is the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a milestone document in the history of human rights. In honor of the observance, here are five facts you should know about international human rights:

1. Prior to the 1940s there were a number of documents, such as the the British Magna Carta and the U.S. Bill of Rights, that advanced the recognition of human rights. But few documents were recognized internationally as applying to all people at all times in all nations. During World War II the push for universal recognition of inalienable human rights was aided by the Atlantic Charter and by President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms speech before the United States Congress in 1941. These ideals were also transmitted in a pamphlet called, “The United Nations fight for the Four Freedoms: The Rights of All Men — Everywhere.”

2. The atrocities of the Nazis caused the munity to recognize a need for human rights to be established as an international legal status. More than 1,300 American non-governmental organizations joined together in placing newspaper ads calling for human rights to be an integral part of any future international organization, and called for the United Nations Charter to include a clear and mitment to human rights. On April 25, 1945, representatives from forty-six nations gathered in San Francisco to form the United Nations. They responded to the demand by mentioning human rights five times in the UN Charter. The charter also established mission “for the promotion of human rights.” This newly created “Commission on Human Rights” spent three years drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).

3. The Commission on Human Rights was made up of 18 members from various political, cultural and religious backgrounds. Eleanor Roosevelt, the widow of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, served as the chairperson of the UDHR mittee. As the UN notes, “Their work involved thousands of hours of intensive study, heated debate, and delicate negotiation that centered on innumerable mendations from many sources, public and private. The men and women of the Commission on Human Rights strove to forge a declaration that might successfully pass the hopes, beliefs and aspirations of people throughout the world.” After pleted its work, the document was submitted to the General Assembly’s Third Committee, which held a total of 81 meetings and considered 168 formal resolution on the declaration. Forty-eight nations voted for the Declaration, eight countries abstained (the Soviet bloc countries, South Africa and Saudi Arabia) and two countries were absent.

4. According to the UN, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights has inspired more than 80 international human rights treaties and declarations, numerous regional human rights conventions, domestic human rights bills, and constitutional provisions, which together constitute prehensive legally binding system for the promotion and protection of human rights.

5. Based on the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, all humans have the following rights:

To life.

To liberty.

To security of person.

To be free from slavery.

To be free from involuntary servitude.

To be free from torture.

To be free from cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment.

To recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

To equal protection of the law.

To an effective remedy by petent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.

To not be subject to arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile.

To a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal.

To be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which one has had all the guarantees necessary for one’s defense.

To be free from arbitrary interference with one’s privacy, family, home, or correspondence.

To be free from attacks upon one’s honor and reputation.

To the protection of the law against such interference or attacks upon’s one’s privacy, honor, or reputation.

To freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.

To leave any country, including one’s own.

To return to one’s country.

To seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

To a nationality.

To change one’s nationality.

To marry.

To found a family.

To free and full consent in choosing one’s spouse.

To own property alone as well as in association with others.

To be free from being arbitrarily deprived of one’s property.

To freedom of thought, conscience, and religion.

To change one’s religion or belief.

To manifest, either alone or munity with others and in public or private, one’s religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.

To freedom of opinion and expression.

To seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media.

To freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

To be free pulsion to belong to an association.

To take part in the government of one’s country.

To equal access of public services in one’s country.

To a secure society.

To work.

To free choice of employment.

To just and favorable conditions of work.

To protection against unemployment.

To equal pay for equal work.

To just and favorable remuneration ensuring for himself and one’s family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.

To form and to join trade unions for the protection of one’s interests.

To rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

To a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of one’s family, including food, clothing, housing, medical care, and necessary social services.

To security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond one’s control.

To free elementary education.

To equal access of higher education based on merit.

To choose the kind of education that shall be given to one’s children.

To participate in the cultural life of munity.

To enjoy the arts.

To share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

To the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary, or artistic production of which he is the author.

To a social and international order in which human rights and freedoms can be fully realized.

Comments
Welcome to mreligion comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
RELIGION & LIBERTY ONLINE
Ten States Further Crippling Workers in 2013
The Pew Center on the States is reporting that ten states voted to raise the minimum wage for workers in 2013. Teens and low-skilled workers should be protesting in response. According to the report, Nine states will adjust the wages to modate the rising costs of living, as required by state laws, while Rhode Island will implement a law signed by the governor in June that raises its minimum wage to $7.75 per hour. The wage hikes range between 10...
Changing the Culture of a City
Julius Medenblik, the president of Calvin Theological Seminary, passes along an anecdote from Michael Lewis’ new book, Boomerang: Travels in the New World. Read the whole selection for the entire context. It is worth it. But I wanted to highlight the upshot in particular, the answer to the question, “How do you change the culture of an entire city?” The answer? “First of all we look internally.” You change the culture by starting with yourself, from the ground up. You...
Evaluating the Emancipation Proclamation
One hundred and fifty years have passed since President Abraham Lincoln issues one of the most extraordinary proclamations in our nation’s history. The Emancipation Proclamation declared: That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the...
Preview: R&L Interviews Angola Warden Burl Cain
In the next issue of Religion & Liberty, we are featuring an interview with Warden Burl Cain of the Louisiana State Penitentiary. In September of 2012, I made a trip down to Angola, La. to tour the prison and interview the warden. I authored mentary in October that touched on some of my experiences visiting the inmates and prison staff. Cain is the longest serving warden in the history of the penitentiary, a position he has held since 1995. The...
Combatting Textbook Tyranny
In addition to my post in late November about the textbook bubble (spurred by this post from AEI’s Mark Perry), the Atlantic‘s Jordan Weissmann joins the discussion, asking, “Why Are College Textbooks So Absurdly Expensive?” (also the title of his article). It is a good question, and one that highlights the danger of disconnecting the determination of prices from the subjective valuing of consumer demand. There is petition, no free market, where students are required to buy only certain books...
New on AU Online: Marketplace Theology
What is the role of the marketplace in the Kingdom of God and in the redemptive process of God’s mission? Join David Doty, Founder and Executive Director of Eden’s Bridge, for an AU Online lecture series to discuss those questions. The Building a Marketplace Theology course is scheduled to begin Tuesday, January 22, 2013 at 6:00pm EST. David Doty will lead a discussion based largely on the book, Eden’s Bridge: The Marketplace in Creation and Mission, and material developed subsequent...
Human Population and Material Prosperity
Following up a bit on last week’s discussions of population and prosperity, I thought this section (44) from Caritas in Veritate to be a good summary statement of the various dynamics at play: Morally responsible openness to life represents a rich social and economic resource. Populous nations have been able to emerge from poverty thanks not least to the size of their population and the talents of their people. On the other hand, formerly prosperous nations are presently passing through...
‘The Most Radical Form of Privatisation’
When Christians are tempted to despair over our seeming inability to make significant cultural changes in America, there is one word that should give us reason to be optimistic: homeschooling. As The Economist notes: Three decades ago home schooling was illegal in 30 states. It was considered a fringe phenomenon, pursued by cranks, and parents who tried it were often persecuted and sometimes jailed. Today it is legal everywhere, and is probably the fastest-growing form of education in America. According...
Pope Benedict slams capitalism?
A friend sent me a link to a Reuters story on Pope Benedict XVI’s New Year’s homily. The article carried this headline: “Pope hopes for 2013 of peace, slams unbridled capitalism.” It is always a good rule of thumb with media reports like this to read the actual speech or document being cited, and not just go by the headline. From the Reuters report one gets the impression that the point of the statement and its theme is that the...
There Are No Ideas Too Silly for Politicians
Remember last month when we discussed the “platinum coin option”? If you’ve forgotten already, it was the ridiculous idea that President Obama could have the U.S. Mint produce a pair of trillion-dollar platinum coins and deposit them with the Federal Reserve to pay off the national deficit. You probably thought it was such a goofy plan that no one in Washington, D.C. could possibly take it seriously, right? Well, think again: So supporters — including Rep. Jerry Nadler (D-N.Y.) —...
Related Classification
Copyright 2023-2025 - www.mreligion.com All Rights Reserved