What Does it Mean to ‘Cast Your Bread Upon the Waters’?

　　An elderly man decides to take a young man fishing. He’ll show this young whippersnapper how to catch a fish. The lad is excited to learn the art of angling from a seasoned veteran.

　　He’s excited to try out the old man’s lures as well. He figures that having fished for several years, and he’s likely got quite a collection.

　　The lad is shocked and slightly appalled, though, when the old man wraps an old hot dog up in a piece of bread and casts it upon the water.

　　“Umm, sir, what are you doing?” the lad asks.

　　“Well, the Bible tells us to cast thy bread upon the water. I figure it’ll work just as good in our day.”

　　The old man is correct that the Bible does talk about “casting your bread upon the waters,” but I think he missed the application by about a mile. What does it mean to cast your bread upon the waters?

　　

What Does the Phrase ‘Cast Your Bread Upon the Waters’ Mean?

This phrase was a somewhat popular idiom in prior days. Most take it to mean giving generously without expecting something in return.

　　There is also some history of this phrase being used to encourage someone to take a financial risk. But how do we get those meanings from that statement?

　　First, we need to establish what is meant by bread. When Jesus says, “Give us this day our daily bread,” he isn’t only saying to pray that God provides a loaf of Wonder Bread.

　　No, “bread” is short for provisions. So, we could modernize the phrase a little and say, “Cast your money upon the waters.” But that still doesn’t quite make sense.

　　Secondly, what does it mean to “cast” something? It means to throw it forcefully in another direction. Our modern fishing pole mechanisms might make it difficult for us to fully understand the thrust of this passage.

　　When we cast a fishing line into the water, it’s still connected to our pole via a line, and we can easily reel it back in. We have more control.

　　But for Solomon’s phrase, we should think of something a bit more out of control. It might be more accurate, then, to modernize it to something like “Risk your money upon the waters.” But what are the waters?

　　Next, what do “the waters” mean? Even though water is a source of life, and we receive great benefits by settling near a source of water, it is also a symbol of chaos and uncertainty.

　　If you send a merchant ship off into the water, you have no certainty of its return. So, we might say the phrase is something like, “Risk your money upon an uncertain future.”

　　Lastly, think about the combination of bread and water. They don’t mix so well. Once you throw the bread upon the water, it’s going to be changed, and you’re going to lose control of it. But notice how this little proverb ends, “for you will find it after many days.”

　　That’s what the idiom means, but how do we connect this to the biblical story? How are these words of Solomon connected to his overall point in Ecclesiastes?

　　

What Is the Context of This Phrase?

Ecclesiastes can be a somewhat depressing book, especially if you don’t read the whole thing. The point is that everything on this side of the sun (not in the redeemed Eden) has a bottom. Solomon comes to the conclusion at the beginning of this book that everything is all meaningless; it’s all just a vapor.

　　Chapters 11 and 12 are Solomon’s conclusion to the matter. Everything isn’t entirely meaningless. Even though death is going to strike, we should still work hard and enjoy life in light of our Creator. There is purpose.

　　This section in Ecclesiastes 11:1-6 is all about work. Casting, giving, sowing, and not withholding your hand are all about the importance of labor. Verse 6 is the summary statement of the whole. Both Eaton and Garrett are helpful here. Eaton:

　　“If we are never sure which endeavors will prove fruitful, the right approach to life is to give ourselves to the responsibilities at hand, and await the course of events. The life of faith which leads to joy and contentment does not give infallible knowledge of the future” (Ecclesiastes: An Introduction and Commentary).

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　　And Garrett:

　　“In context this means that since you cannot know that all will go well, do not demand assurance of success before you begin any enterprise. Just as in pregnancy a couple can only trust God that all will turn out well, even so in business enterprises one can only leave the outcome to God” (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs).

　　What is interesting is that these two theologians differ on their understanding of the meaning of Solomon’s words.

　　Eaton believes the statement means to be generous with our resources, trusting in God to care for us. Garrett believes this statement is a reference to international commerce. This is also reflected in different translations of the verse.

　　Cast your bread upon the waters, for you will find it after many days (ESV).

　　Ship your grain across the sea; after many days you may receive a return (NIV).

　　Cast thy bread upon the waters: for thou shalt find it after many days (KJV).

　　Be generous: Invest in acts of charity. Charity yields high returns (MSG).

　　While the specific commandments might be different, the main point is still the same. Our endeavors (whether giving charitably or international commerce) are never certain.

　　We do not know what return we will get. Therefore, we must trust God. Casting your bread upon the water is an act of trust.

　　

How Do We Apply This Today?

Ecclesiastes is wisdom literature. As such, we must have some measure of caution in how we apply its principles. We are often meant to consider the whole and not dissect individual verses. We’re to take Solomon’s words and wisdom here as an entire message.

　　And what is the overarching point of this passage? It is that life is uncertain, and we shouldn’t wait upon certainty before doing the right thing or even a thing that could potentially pay dividends. At the end of the day, we make the best decisions that we can, and we trust God with the result.

　　A statement like this could be very helpful to those who seem stuck in a decision-making process. There is such a thing as decision fatigue. Another phrase for this is the tyranny of choice. With all of the options and information we have in our day and age, we can suffer from paralysis by analysis.

　　To cast our bread upon the waters means to do the best that we can do with the information that we have and simply trust God with the results.

　　This might call us to give generously to charity with loose hands — meaning that we do not know how it will return to us. It may also call us to a bit of financial risk-taking, but one where we are trusting God with our results.

　　Cast your bread upon the water means to do something. Life is short. Love God, trust His direction in your life and act.

　　For further reading:

　　What Did Jesus Mean by 'Man Shall Not Live on Bread Alone'?

　　Why Is Ecclesiastes Included in the Bible?

　　Book of Ecclesiastes Summary